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Database data files, temp files, redo logs and undo, SYSTEM, SYSAUX, DATA, INDEX, USERS, TEMP, UNDO, Shared or database-specific ASM diskgroups, ScaleIO volumes, ASM diskgroup, and database datafile relationship, ASM stripesize, coarse, and fine grained striping, ASM intelligent data placement and physical disk placement, ASM compaction and rebalance (ASM 11.1.0.7 and later), A DATA diskgroup to hold all data, index, undo and temp files, An FRA diskgroup that holds archivelogs and backups, Since Oracle Database 11gR2 it is recommended to store the OCR and Voting Files in a standalone ASM diskgroup, as shown in, Using VMDKs and ASM with Virtualized Databases. Ensure that Oracle ASM disk groups that you create are mounted on all of the nodes in the cluster. A failure group is a subset of the disks in a disk group. You cannot customize the backup frequencies or the number of files that Oracle Database retains. How do you write a referee report for a job application? such as Oracle RAC databases, listeners, virtual IP addresses (VIPs), and services and any applications. OCR manages Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC database configuration information, OLR resides on every node in the cluster and manages Oracle Clusterware configuration information for each particular node, Voting disks manage information about node membership. Depending on where you store your voting files, do one of the following: If the voting disks are stored in Oracle ASM, then run the following command to migrate the voting disks to the Oracle ASM disk group you specify: The Oracle ASM disk group to which you migrate the voting files must exist in Oracle ASM. This post has been answered by user00726 on Sep 7 2010. Use ASMCA to create an Oracle ASM disk group that is at least the same size of the existing OCR and has at least normal redundancy. If you run the ocrconfig -add | -repair | -replace command, then the device, file, or Oracle ASM disk group that you are adding must be accessible. Move the SPFILE to newdiskgroup. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. OCR also helps maintain the structure and dependencies that exist in the startup of various resources in the cluster. Oracle strongly recommends that you mirror OCR if the underlying storage is not RAID. OCR stores Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC database configuration information My Oracle Support provides customers with access to over a million knowledge articles and a vibrant support community of peers and Oracle experts. This section describes how to manage OCR and the Oracle Local Registry (OLR) with the following utilities: OCRCONFIG, OCRDUMP, and OCRCHECK. ocrdump should be executed as root to display all the keys available. Do this by using the ocrconfig -export command, which exports OCR content to a file format. The ocrconfig -manualbackup and ocrconfig -restore commands are compatible. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. OCR stores configuration information in a series of key-value pairs in a tree structure. It was first used in 1914 to help blind people in reading. To replace all voting disks not stored in Oracle ASM with voting disks managed by Oracle ASM in an Oracle ASM disk group, run the following command: Modifying voting disks that are not stored on Oracle ASM: To display the voting disk FUID and file path of each current voting disk, run the following command: This command returns a disk sequence number, the status of the disk, the FUID, and the path of the disk and no name of an Oracle ASM disk group. Important points about Voting disks in Oracle RAC. The visually impaired people find it useful. At this time VOTING DISK is used to communicate the node and trace information, which node is in the offline stage. Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) which records cluster configuration information. c)A node must be able to access more than half of the voting disks at any time. In addition to maintaining its own disk block, CSSD processes also monitor the disk block maintained by the CSSD processes of other nodes in the cluster. To change an Oracle Cluster Registry location: Use the OCRCHECK utility to verify that a copy of OCR other than the one you are going to replace is online, using the following command: OCRCHECK displays all OCR locations that are registered and whether they are available (online). For example, if the OCR location is /dev/sde1, then use the command syntax ocrconfig -repair -add /dev/sde1 on this node to repair OCR on that node. Optical Character Reader (OCR) is used to convert different types of documents such as scanned paper documents, PDF files or images captured by a digital camera into machine-encoded text. This process is called DISK HEARTBEAT. Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) and Oracle Local Registry (OLR) are two very important components of a Grid Infrastructure that help manage the clusterresources. If all of the voting disks are corrupted, then you can restore them, as follows: Restore OCR as described in "Restoring Oracle Cluster Registry", if necessary. Optical Mark Reader (OMR) is the technology of electronically extracting data from marked fields such as checkboxes or bubbles from pre-printed forms. To view the contents of the OLR backup file: When you upgrade Oracle Clusterware, it automatically runs the ocrconfig -upgrade command. In a nutshell, OCR is used by CRSd and OLR by the OHASd. Mirroring can help prevent OCR from becoming a single point of failure. If the crsd process running on the node affected by the Oracle ASM instance failure is the OCR writer, the majority of the OCR locations are stored in Oracle ASM, and you attempt I/O on OCR during the time the Oracle ASM instance is down on this node, then crsd stops and becomes inoperable. WebOracle Clusterware includes two important components that manage configuration and node membership: Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR), which also includes the local component Oracle Local Registry (OLR), and voting files. However, overriding the protection mechanism can result in the loss of data that was not available when the previous known good state was created. It does not require an advanced level recognition engine when compared to OCR. It was introduced in 11gR2, and is not shared by any other node in the cluster. Hi, How the voting disk differ from the OCR. Added on Sep 7 It shares the same layout or structure as the OCR. Voting disk management requires a valid and working OCR. CSSD processes (Cluster Services Synchronization Daemon) monitor the health of RAC nodes employing two distinct heartbeats: Network heartbeat and Disk heartbeat. It is hard to implement as compared to OMR. This article is intended for DBA and Support Engineers who need to modify, or move OCR and voting disks files, customers who have an existing clustered environment deployed on a storage array and might want to migrate to a new storage array with minimal downtime. For eg, if you have 5 voting disks, a node must be able to access at least 3 of the voting disks. A small number of failure groups, or failure groups of uneven capacity, can create allocation problems that prevent full use of all of the available storage. This section includes the following topics: Adding an Oracle Cluster Registry Location, Removing an Oracle Cluster Registry Location, Replacing an Oracle Cluster Registry Location, Repairing an Oracle Cluster Registry Configuration on a Local Node, Overriding the Oracle Cluster Registry Data Loss Protection Mechanism. Like, on my test box, ocrdump shows 676(11.2.0.4)keys in the OCR (could be different on your system). d) All nodes in the RAC cluster register their heartbeat information in the voting disks/files. Please contact us at contactus@smarttechways.com, How to get DDL of Tablespace present in OracleDatabase, Follow Smart way of Technology on WordPress.com, Exclude/Include option in EXPDP and IMPDP Datapump, Create & grant permission to directory in Oracle, Check the Undo tablespace Usage in Oracle, Check datafiles and tablespace information in Oracle, Check the Patch Applied to the Oracle Database, Stop the EXPDP/IMPDP Datapump Job in Oracle, Find top CPU Consuming Session or SQLs query in Oracle. Learn how your comment data is processed. The Oracle Clusterware has the OCR and voting disks open and is actively using them. Perform the following procedure as the root user to remove an OCR location from your Oracle Clusterware environment: Ensure that at least one OCR location other than the OCR location that you are removing is online. If one fails it doesnt cause an outage and the failed one can be replaced. You can manually mirror OCR, as described in the "Adding an Oracle Cluster Registry Location" section, if you: Upgraded to Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2) but did not choose to mirror OCR during the upgrade, Created only one OCR location during the Oracle Clusterware installation. Check whether crsd is running. It also acts as a bootstrap for the Cluster Synchronization Services Daemon (CSSd) for port information, nodes and disks. Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) and Oracle Local Registry (OLR) Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) and Oracle Local Registry (OLR) are two very important components of a Grid Infrastructure that help manage the cluster resources. At least two OCR locations if OCR is configured on an Oracle ASM disk group. You cannot restore your configuration from an OCR backup file using the -import option, which is explained in "Administering Oracle Cluster Registry with Oracle Cluster Registry Export and Import Commands". The Oracle Clusterware (Oracle Grid Infrastructure GI stack in 11gR2) uses OCR to manage resources and node membership information. Added on Sep 7 If an Oracle ASM instance fails on any node, then OCR becomes unavailable on that particular node. Oracle High Availability Services uses this information. Run the following command on any node in the cluster to remove an OCR location from either Oracle ASM or other location: The file_name variable can be a device name or a file name. 4) If the disk is not updated in a short timeout period, the node is considered unhealthy and maybe rebooted to protect the database. Repairing an OCR involves either adding, deleting, or replacing an OCR location. Run the following command to list the backup files: The ocrconfig -showbackup command displays the backup location, timestamp, and the originating node name of the backup files that Oracle Clusterware creates. Begin to start Oracle Clusterware by running the following command as root on all of the nodes: Verify OCR integrity of all of the cluster nodes that are configured as part of your cluster by running the following CVU command: Use the following procedure to restore OCR on Windows systems: Stop Oracle Clusterware by running the following command as a member of the Administrators group on all of the nodes: If the preceding command returns any error due to OCR corruption, stop Oracle Clusterware by running the following command as a member of the Administrators group on all of the nodes: Start the Oracle Clusterware stack on one node in exclusive mode by running the following command as a member of the Administrators group: Restore OCR with the OCR backup file that you identified in "Listing Backup Files" by running the following command as a member of the Administrators group: Make sure that the OCR devices that you specify in the OCR configuration exist and that these OCR devices are valid. Manual backups: Run the ocrconfig -manualbackup command on a node where the Oracle Clusterware stack is up and running to force Oracle Clusterware to perform a backup of OCR at any time, rather than wait for the automatic backup. Oracle Clusterware can manage up to five redundant OCR locations. Voting Disk. OCR stores Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC database configuration information Healthy nodes will have a continuous network and disk heartbeats exchanged between the nodes. You can inspect a backup using the OCRDUMP utility. You can just replace with new voting file on disk group DATA. Look at output from the ocrdump command and determine whether it has your latest updates. The procedure described in the following list enables you to start the cluster using the available OCR location. Learn how your comment data is processed. Break-in heartbeat indicates a possible error scenario. Ensure that the most recent OCR contains the latest OCR updates. 4. Worked as a Development and Database Administrator. It stands for Optical Mark Reader or Optical Mark Recognition. A-143, 9th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. The file format generated by ocrconfig -restore is incompatible with the file format generated by ocrconfig -export. Oracle recommends that you use either automatic or manual backups, and the ocrconfig -restore command instead of the ocrconfig -export and ocrconfig -import commands to restore OCR for the following reasons: A backup is a consistent snapshot of OCR, whereas an export is not. List the Candidate Disk present for creating DISKGROUP. (LogOut/ You cannot use voting disks stored in Oracle ASM and voting disks not stored in Oracle ASM in the same cluster. Voting files. Oracle Clusterware uses voting files to determine which nodes are members of a At least three OCR locations, if OCR is configured on non-mirrored or non-redundant storage. Successful deletion of voting disk 0e3a9c8e306a2befaf5548b77231be3a. WebOracle Clusterware includes two important components that manage configuration and node membership: Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR), which also includes the local component Oracle Local Registry (OLR), and voting files. It maintains and consists of important details about the cluster nodes membership, such as which node is part of the cluster, who (node) is joining the cluster, and who (node) is leaving the cluster. You cannot add a voting disk to a cluster file system if the voting disks are stored in an Oracle ASM disk group. An advanced recognition engine is needed for OCR compared to OMR. I am installing two node Oracle 11gR1 RAC on Solaris. The following example shows how to migrate OCR from Oracle ASM to block devices using OCRCONFIG. External redundancy: A disk group with external redundancy can store only one voting disk, Normal redundancy: A disk group with normal redundancy stores three voting disks, High redundancy: A disk group with high redundancy stores five voting disks. Manage OLR using the OCRCHECK, OCRDUMP, and OCRCONFIG utilities as root with the -local option. Once you configure voting disks on Oracle ASM, you can only make changes to the voting disks' configuration using the crsctl replace votedisk command. select path,name,header_status from v$asm_disk The heartbeat counter increments every second on every write call. To improve Oracle Clusterware storage manageability, OCR is configured, by default, to use Oracle ASM in Oracle Database 11g release 2 (11.2). If you choose to store the voting disks on a cluster file system, then select the option to configure multiple voting disks, in which case you will have to specify three different file systems based on different disks. (Both primary and mirrors)2. What is NETWORK and DISK HEARTBEAT and how does it register in VOTING DISKS/FILES? When using ScaleIO snapshots, it can be beneficial to snapshot the DATA and FRA diskgroups independently. In addition, the process prevents overwriting by prohibiting Oracle Clusterware from starting on the node on which only one OCR is available. To add a new disk and remove the existing disk, run the following command, replacing the path_to_voting_diskB variable with the fully qualified path name of voting disk B: The -purge option deletes existing voting disks. However, if you are unable to start any cluster node in your environment and if you can neither repair OCR nor restore access to all OCR locations, then you can override the protection mechanism. WebHello Friends,Here with one more topic on database administration guide. If it cannot access the minimum of voting disks, then it is evicted/removed from the cluster. acknowledge that you have read and understood our, Data Structure & Algorithm Classes (Live), Data Structures & Algorithms in JavaScript, Data Structure & Algorithm-Self Paced(C++/JAVA), Full Stack Development with React & Node JS(Live), Android App Development with Kotlin(Live), Python Backend Development with Django(Live), DevOps Engineering - Planning to Production, GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam, Interview Preparation For Software Developers. Start the Oracle Clusterware stack on one node in exclusive mode by running the following command as root: The -nocrs option ensures that the crsd process and OCR do not start with the rest of the Oracle Clusterware stack. Stop Oracle Clusterware on the node where it is running in exclusive mode: Run the ocrconfig -repair -replace command as root on all the nodes in the cluster where you did not the ocrconfig -restore command. There is an API provided for this function (ocrconfig and crsctl), which is the appropriate interface When exporting OCR, Oracle recommends including "ocr", the cluster name, and the timestamp in the name string. Our storage is EMC SAN. The CRSD process that creates the backups also creates and retains an OCR backup for each full day and at the end of each week. When you repair OCR on a stopped node using ocrconfig -repair, you must provide the same OCR file name (which should be case-sensitive) as the OCR file names on other nodes. Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) which records cluster configuration information. For example, if you ran the ocrconfig -restore command on node 1 of a four-node cluster, then you must run the ocrconfig -repair -replace command on nodes 2, 3, and 4. user13389425 Sep 7 2010 edited Sep 7 2010. Configure voting files on Oracle ASM or on shared storage. Nytro.ai uses technology that works best in other browsers. Failure groups define disks that share components, such that if one fails then other disks sharing the component might also fail. Run the following command as root from only one node to start the Oracle Clusterware stack in exclusive mode, which does not require voting files to be present or usable: Run the crsctl query css votedisk command to retrieve the list of voting files currently defined, similar to the following: This list may be empty if all voting disks were corrupted, or may have entries that are marked as status 3 or OFF. Ensure that the file you created is visible from all nodes in the cluster. The OCR file is automatically backed up locally in $ORA_CRS_HOME/cdata/
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