why was stratford chosen for the olympics

http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/olympics/olympics-legacy-did-the-games-succeed-in-rejuvenating-east-london-8711691.html Accessed 17 January 2018. Stratford's status, along with the already. arts, Massive construction scheme lasting years disrupts local communities, New sports venues around London and elsewhere e.g. Public transport, an aspect of the bid which scored poorly in the IOC's initial evaluation,[26] was planned to see numerous improvements, including the expansion of the London Underground's East London Line, upgrades to the Docklands Light Railway and the North London Line, and the temporary "Olympic Javelin" service. [22], Australian construction company Lend Lease Corp Ltd was chosen to build the Olympic Village. Location of main venue just seven minutes by train from Central London, Londons bid was one of the most compact Olympic Parks only about 2 square kilometres, so minimal impact on land use in the area, Sizeable available brownfield sites for redevelopment, as well as the green spaces of the Lower Lea Valley, so there would be opportunity for further growth, Development of a major transport hub in the form of Stratford International Station, The athletes village was planned to be converted into 2818 new homes, of which about 40% would be affordable homes for low and middle income families and disabled people, Emphasis on urban regeneration: the swimming pools were planned for conversion into public pools after the Games, Suitable location for further post-Games industry e.g. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. When and where was Croyde first mentioned under the names Crideholde/Chrideholda? It has an oceanic climate, which means mild summers, cool but cold winter and a relatively narrow annual temperature range. this has transformed the urban landscape of Stratford over the past 20 years with many high-rise glass-fronted apartment buildings. The London 2012 Olympics was set against ambitious promises of lasting change, from "inspire a generation" to "regenerate an entire community ". However, this required the compulsory purchase of some businesses and this caused controversy, with some of the business owners claiming that the compensation offered was inadequate. Other legacy items would include the conversion of the Olympic Village Polyclinic into a lifelong learning centre for the east London community with a nursery and primary and secondary schools, and the conversion of the media and press centre into a creative industries centre for east London. Urban regeneration case studies, as the name suggests, are examples of regeneration projects occurring in urban areas. A fleet of 200 electric vehicles transported Olympians, supported by 120 charging stations that created the UKs largest network of recharging points. Stratford ultimately went from being a deprived community to a more affluent place to live. For comparison, the 2004 games in Athens cost around 7billion (US$13.5billion) and estimates for the 2008 games in Beijing run between 10billion and 20billion (US$19billion and US$39billion). People may move to rural areas to improve their health and mental well-being. 1: Regeneration in the UK (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blakenhall_Gardens_regeneration_in_Wolverhampton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3397592.jpg) by Roger Kidd (https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/12192) licensed by CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en), Supporting tourism growth and development in northern Devon. However, many people feel that the London Games were overall a success, and provided a benefit to the city. The earlier stages of the football competition were played at football stadia around the country including: The Olympic Village was located in Lower Lea Valley in east London. (A TOK-able moment), The costs and benefits of hosting the Games, Case study: London Olympics 2012: Learning activities, https://d2rpq8wtqka5kg.cloudfront.net/129049/open20120701120000.pdf?Expires=1511793842&Signature=R043y307dmxOAQKbZckf67uuGsQhQUZ3~Fuml0zdCMn0Y2ZjYobP36CAdEROzjj4QvHUN0aFZKha~v7h8RAt1XLxQKkIZGyf6Z5h3N~U01FZv~N5u4gIXs~z43IkDQMr~1ShM9I4Px7hWR6~yG7TRi57jLt8x3Ti~2HiHGZYAiDpXP68St7EadjRxLr6HDZRtf-mOBRGCSKCxx7S-bhDyZWlDqR8kP4jayZQr7UtYoN-qSbdz6SqNBd3AIrQNhaCLp51mWZkSFex8XdXJblqSZDlAgdPYHvGLyD6wsZLSZAmvUE9MDQ4ol~SOhQ9qI9-zggFSUgaagHj1mPDR9Ak9A__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJVGCNMR6FQV6VYIA, About (including cookies and data privacy issues), New article: urban deprivation in Nairobi, Youth engagement in sport was one of the pillars of Londons bit, Sustainability and legacy were pillars of Londons bid, Regeneration was emphasised as part of the bid: the IOC was shown photos of the derelict former industrial areas, The UK government had decided to focus its Olympic bids on London after failing to win the Games in 1992, 1996 and 2000 with bids from Birmingham and Manchester (two other major UK cities), Gender and age issues: most of those who spoke in the Paris presentation were male and middle aged; the London presentation included children and represented a multicultural London. East London, and mainly Stratford, was regenerated for the 2012 Olympics, costing around 10 billion. However, rural areas have seen a recent increase in population due to counter-urbanisation. 2. Prior to construction, the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA, 2015) excavated and cleaned more than 2.3 million cubic metres of contaminated soil. Impacts of changing trends in resource consumption, Multidimensional development and the SDGs, Patterns and trends in leisure and tourism, Leisure hierarchy and sphere of influence, 3. Local business some extant in this area for over 100years were questioning the package of measures in place to allow them to find new sites when the new Olympic village displaced them. The organisers claimed that 3,000 new permanent jobs would be created, but opponents of the games were concerned that some of the 11,000 existing jobs in the Olympic Zone may be lost. It was estimated that 80% of spectators would arrive by rail. After the Olympic Games were over, the park was named the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. Four indoor arenas (Olympic Park Arenas 14), hosting basketball (2), fencing (4), volleyball (1). Buildings that were going to get a new life after the Games were permanent buildings. The organising committee laid out the following figures: The revenue for the games was also projected: While this projection seemed reasonable, many were adamant about the actual costs. [35], To facilitate the Olympics at a governmental level, Cabinet-level Minister for the Olympics Tessa Jowell was set to be responsible for the games. The Salford Quays Development Plan was proposed. What is the best time to visit Croyde and why? This is partly due to Gentrification of the East Village as city workers move in. Stevens, A. Which 3 legacies were planned in the bidding process? In World Economics, 16, issue 1, p. 35-42, https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:wej:wldecn:606. Its multicultural population meant that all countries would be well supported at the games. Regeneration is the process of upgrading existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale. Some people lost homes, allotments, and areas for fishing, Olympic Park largest [new] urban park in Europe for 150 years (ODA, 2015). During construction, much of the wildlife already there had to be relocated. The Royal Docks fell into decline as large container ports were developed further down the river. No. Stratford then experienced a massive decline. Furthermore, corn from the mills was readily accessible, so Stratford became known for bread baking and potato production. Why did Stratford need to be regenerated? Global Cities 2017. https://www.atkearney.com/global-cities/full-report Accessed 17 January 2018. [4], Overall, do you think that the Games were a success? 1988: Piper Alpha oil rig ablaze. Being situated so close to London was beneficial as it provided a ready market for its produce. It is clear that regeneration projects differ considerably depending on the circumstances and the resources available. ALL PAPER 2 CASE STUDIES GEOGRAPHY GCSE AQA - Grade 9 notes. Relive the Olympic and Paralympic Games through the eyes of the athletes. Sign up to highlight and take notes. The aquatics centre and its 50m pool can now be used by the community, schools and athletes alike. existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale. http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Reference_documents_Factsheets/London_2012_Facts_and_Figures-eng.pdf Interesting facts in general. Stratford is now second only to King's Cross as the most connected part of London. This was due to the plans that London put forward in regards to the games. 450million from sponsorship and official suppliers. The creation of containerised cargo and other technological changes. [29], Approximately 8.0million tickets were proposed to be available for the Olympics, and 1.5million tickets for the Paralympics. We will see a 1.1 billion 'culture boost' happening soon. Generally speaking, yes. The area became more affluent, and therefore housing is still unaffordable for the poor(er) people in the community. As part of the A Level course, it is important not only to understand what regeneration is and the impacts that it has, but also to put this into context. As a result in the 1980s there was a regeneration project to help the docklands area. Wihbey, J. The Olympic games had a relatively positive impact on the area, with new houses, shops, and schools. Stratford became one of the most deprived communities in the UK, with low-income families and high unemployment. The charging stations continue to support emission-free travel long after the Games. Explain what the legacy for the sports venues was? The east side of the village would appear to be somewhat crowded. This is partly due to Gentrification of the East Village as city workers move in. The 2012 Olympic Games, including the Paralympics, brought much-needed regeneration to certain parts of London. Over the total period of the Olympics, some sources suggest the city brought in around US$3.5 billion in revenues, and spent in excess US$18 billion a negative balance of $14 billion plus (Zimbalist, 2015). [1], The IOC noted that future negotiations were necessary to ensure the use of the Old Trafford and Villa Park football stadiums. Its 100% free. 1992: Riot police confront French truckers. Case studies are a good way of putting the concepts into the real world and seeing exactly how they work and what influences them. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. When the 2012 Olympics are over, the second phase will involve the refurbishment of the Olympic village and construction on another 500,000m2 (5,400,000sqft) of space to complete the regeneration of Stratford City. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. It was one of the most deprived communities in the country, unemployment was high, and health levels were poor. [3]. Containerisation. Look at these sites for more in-depth information. Deindustrialisation and the closure of the Royal Docks. The plans included sustainability. When the games are over, the Village will be converted into new homes and facilities for the local community. This was primarily paid by lottery funds, meaning that other things, such as the arts, lost out on a lot of money. However, the criteria of the IOC included government support and public opinion, city infrastructure (such as transport), sports venues and experience, olympic village and accommodation, environmental impact and legacy, safety and security, and finance. Because of the deprived status, the existing waste and industrial lands available, and the close location to the City, Stratford was chosen by the UK for the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Sustainable urban regeneration aims to meet the demands of the current population without compromising on the needs of the future population(s). These areas were chosen because they were in need of urban regeneration as they were more deprived compared to other regions in the UK. Part of the aims of the Olympics was to completely transform an area of East London that is lagging behind the rest, East London. 3. The first Join In weekend (encouraging volunteerism as the profile was increased from volunteers at the Olympics), in August 2012, featured over 6,000 events. There are great places to live, such as The Stratford, a 42-storey tower with 248 rental flats and a sky garden. These docks proved to be a commercial success, and they became the principal docks in London in the first half of the 20th century. Stratford's status, along with the already existing waste and industrial land, was the reason it was chosen in the UK's bid to host the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Why is limited public transport a disadvantage? So what are some of the key characteristics of sustainable urban regeneration case studies? 2016. The park contains:[9]. These ships could not navigate down as far as the Royal Docks. Environmental - the Olympic bid was partly successful on the basis of sustainability. Suburbanisation is the process of a large proportion of people relocating from town centres into the outskirts (suburbs). Transport for London invested GBP 6.5 billion in transport infrastructure in preparation for the 2012 Games. Factoring in pre-Games construction and other early Games-related economic activity, an Oxford Economics study commissioned by the Lloyds banking group estimates that the Games will generate GBP 16.5 billion for the British economy from 2005 to 2017. Fig. The Work to underground the power lines and remove the pylons which run through the Olympic Park began and transport improvements: Greater capacity on Jubilee Line, extension of DLR to London City Airport, Stratford International Station opened, first 'Javelin' trains unveiled . Many jobs were lost, the economy was shattered, the area became derelict and the land was heavily contaminated. The London Olympic Athletes Village is the largest sustainable homes project in the UK. Following three consecutive unsuccessful UK bids to host summer Olympic Games (Birmingham for 1992 and . Deindustrialisation and the closure of the Royal Docks. There are also now academic options for pupils between 3 and 18. Urban environmental and social stresses, Urban microclimates: modification and management, Case study: Air pollution in New York City, 4. The bid envisaged that 80% of athletes would be within 20 minutes of their events and 97% would be within 30 minutes of their events. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. Disability organisations, such as the Autism Awareness Campaign UK, believed that the Olympic and the Paralympic games would encourage people with any disability to take up sports. Most of Stratford City will be regenerated with the construction of 500,000 more square metres of space. The Head of the IOC evaluation commission praised the passion behind the London 2012 bid when they visited Stratford and other places in the city. Stratford was also chosen for the 500-acre Olympic Park as the area already had existing waste and industrial land. Before industrialisation, Stratford was an agricultural community. The conversion of the Olympic Village Polyclinic into a lifelong learning centre for the East London Community. Answer (1 of 11): It's been a couple of yearslast I checkedsince I graduated, but here is my experience. Different approaches are taken for different areas, whether the aim is a regeneration project or the economic support for the project. of the users don't pass the Stratford quiz! It was also proposed that the rivers in the area could be restored to make a beautiful Olympic Park. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/olympic-delivery-authority-report Accessed 17 January 2018. A Blue Flag must be applied for first, A charity organisation concerned with protecting the sea and its wildlife. These ships could not navigate down as far as the Royal Docks. the media centre, where 20,000 people worked during the Games, was planned for conversion into one of Europes largest data storage centres, Eventual cost nearly 10 billion paid for by lottery fund so other things lose out e.g. Around 10 billion. With the purchase of a ticket, each person is entitled to free transportation on London's public transport system for that day. The waste and industrial land were cleaned. [32] Olympic tickets go on sale on 15 March 2011[33] and should remain on sale until the start of the event, depending on availability. Following the success of the bid, the London Organising Committee for the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) was established to oversee the ongoing development of the games. However, both projects resulted in successful regeneration. As mentioned earlier, better public transport and infrastructure were a major aspect of the bidding process. An impressive 85 per cent of UK schools signed up to this programme. London's successful bid to host the 2012 Olympics has kick-started regeneration programmes in the area. Afterwards, it is predicted that this would support another 2,500 jobs. but its impact adversely affected some of its population. What was Stratford like after the decline? Identify your study strength and weaknesses. East London underwent deindustrialisation between the 1960-70s as it couldn't compete against newer container ports. 1952: London's trams trundle into history. She and her colleagues wished to continue serving food on the Olympic site but failed to win a contract. Buildings that were not getting a new life on-site were temporary ones, and they were relocated elsewhere after the games. In addition, the government proposed to create the Olympic Delivery Authority, which would oversee the construction of venues and see that the games are lived out past 2012.[27]. Financial: the British government was ready to back any over-spend on the construction of Games facilities. The majority of venues were divided into three zones within Greater London: the Olympic Zone, the River Zone and the Central Zone. 7km from the city of London Underdeveloped area (see Table 1, Photos 5 and 6). A tri-generation plant to supply electricity, heat and chilled water to the Olympic Park using technology which produces 33% lower. All this was about to change, though, with the UK's bid for hosting the 2012 Olympics Games, including the Paralympics, to be hosted in London. Stratford was and still is a deprived area. London 2012 was the successful bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympics, held in London with most events taking place in Stratford in the borough of Newham. Why was Stratford chosen for the 2012 Olympics? Ten railway lines and 30 new bridges continue to connect London communities after the Games. Olympics and their economic impact: Updated research roundup. When the Olympics were hosted here, it caused Regeneration of the area. Such issues are common in contemporary urban environments. For many years, it was one of the most deprived communities in the UK before it was revamped for the 2012 Olympic Games. Expenditure from overseas visitors in August, including Games ticket sales, totalled GBP 4.5 billion. Following the success of the Industrial Revolution, the UK has since undergone mass deindustrialisation. What types of accommodation is available at Croyde? While the legacy venues would be tailored to London's ongoing needs, some of them would be expensive for that purpose. In Stratford, the population density was 68.8%, in comparison to 47.3% in London overall. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. This means people can find work elsewhere. However, all the changes led to Stratford becoming a more affluent place, meaning that it is still not really affordable for poor(er) people. London has great wealth and experience in putting on large events and is used to welcoming visitors from around the world, so it was organisationally capable of running the Olympics. These projects took different forms, had different stakeholders and operated over different durations. The land was left derelict and contaminated. Air quality in London at proposed Games-time is generally satisfactory. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. The containerised cargo was much more efficient for transporting goods, but it required larger ships. These ships could not navigate down as far as the Royal Docks. There was an increase in crime and vandalism. 4m of Grade 'A' office space. Ensure an acceptance of all people, regardless of background. Olympic Delivery Authority 2006-2014 final report. Some of the support can be attributed to the city's "Back the Bid" campaign, which included the slogan on posters that were hung around London in the months leading up to the decision to award the 2012 Games to London. Increasing levels of ozone pollution are however a concern, but legislation and actions now in place are aimed at correcting that trend. When the Docks closed in 1982, there were a lot of issues. The main Olympic site . Write a letter to the International Olympic Committee explaining why you do or dont want the Games to come to London. The Westfield Stratford shopping centre created 10,000 permanent new jobs from day one, including 2,000 for local people who were previously unemployed. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. Encourage the population to produce little waste and to manage the waste sustainably (e.g. this increased developments of property, services and business zones . The city's regeneration helped to rebuild the area, but its impact adversely affected some of its population. There are a lot of great places to eat, drink and relax, from cafes and restaurants to theatres. existing waste and industrial land, was the reason it was chosen in the UK's bid to host the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Improving transport links while maintaining the natural beauty of places will be important. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_282767.pdf Visitors impact especially useful on p8. The tables below show the social, economic, and environmental legacies' pros and cons. The area became more affluent, and therefore housing is still unaffordable for the poor(er) people in the community. Economic - due to improved infrastructure, it has better connections to the rest of London. The construction of all the buildings creates 1,500 jobs, with at least 30% of those for local residents. The choice of Stratford in London The area chosen for the main Olympic facilities was a relatively deprived part of London: The area was therefore identifiably in need of regeneration and expected to benefit from improvements to infrastructure that would mean: Location of main venue just seven minutes by train from Central London By the 18th century, Stratford became known for potato growing which continued in the mid-1800s. Regeneration case studies help us to understand the different approaches to regeneration and see what impacts they have on the population and environment. At the same time, the area became known as a country retreat for wealthy merchants and financiers from the City. On this page, we look at the London Olympics of 2012 as a case study of the costs and benefits for one country hosting an international sports event. It was built in 1887 as a result of the Industrial Revolution and trade. The Illusory Economic Gains from Hosting the Olympics World Cup. Therefore, it can be difficult to compare and contrast projects directly. Suburbanisation and counter-urbanisation happen for many reasons, including a mixture of push (factors persuading people to move out of a place) and pull (factors attracting people to another place) factors. This was the largest transport project proposed for London, and it was widely assumed in the early stages of the bidding process that the games could not be won without a guarantee that it would be completed before the games. It was one of the most deprived communities of the UK, it had a high population density, low annual income, high unemployment, it had readily available waste and industrial lands for building, and it was located only 7 minutes from the City. The Department of Education provided GBP 65 million to encourage efforts by physical education teachers to organise competitive sports, embed best practice and train primary school teachers. Content and case studies in context for post-16 Geography. Sustainable regeneration projects are providing a way to upgrade places in the long-term without compromising on the needs of the future generation(s) and the environment. This is because Stratford is now a more affluent area, increasing the cost of living. Fig. When Stratford was still a rural area, it was the centre for livestock that came from the surrounding areas for slaughter. Show answer . That estimate may have been a.

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