poal medical abbreviation nicu

), PO2 (PaO2) A measure of the oxygen content of the blood, Polycythemia A very high number of red blood cells (This condition causes sluggish circulation. C. Obtain a chest x-ray to rule out air leak (pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, or pneumopericardium), secondary to air trapping from ball-valve obstruction. A frequency > 15 Hz may worsen ventilation. ), CPAP See continuous positive airway pressure, Cyanosis Bluish color of the skin caused by poor circulation or low oxygen concentration in the bloodstream, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) A type of virus that may infect a baby either before or after birth (In some cases, CMV causes severe illness and birth defects. The condition inflames intestinal tissue, causing it to die. Central nervous system (CNS) The brain and spinal cord, Cerebral palsy (CP) Permanent brain damage that can result in difficulty with coordinated movements (Intelligence may be normal in those with CP. ), Pulmonary insufficiency of the premature (PIP) A type of respiratory distress that affects the youngest premature infants (It is caused as much by an immaturity of the lung tissue as by a lack of surfactant. HFV is a new technique of ventilation that uses respiratory rates that greatly exceed the rate of normal breathing. Add KCl (2-3 meq/kg/d) to IV fluids after urine output is well established and K+ <5 mEq/L (usually 48-72 hours). If NO < 40 ppm follow met-Hgb Q12h. ), ECMO (Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation) A type of life support that uses a machine to add oxygen to the blood to help the babys heart and/or lungs, Edema Fluid retention in the body tissues that causes puffiness or swelling, EEG (electroencephalogram) A tracing of the electrical impulses of the brain, EKG (electrocardiogram) A tracing of the hearts electrical activity, Electrodes Small patches taped to the babys chest, arms or legs connected to a monitor to measure the heart and breathing rates, Electroencephalogram (EEG) A tracing of the electrical impulses of the brain, Electrolytes Chemicals that, when dissolved in water, can conduct an electrical current (The main electrolytes in the human body are sodium, Na, and potassium, K. They play important roles in the proper functioning of the cells. V. The nurse will record the TcPCO2 value and electrode temperature on the nurse's notes at least once an hour and when obtaining an arterial blood gas sample. * Adjust FiO 2 as indicated to maintain oxygen . Our neonatal family support specialist is a highly trained registered nurse who provides support to NICU families by keeping them informed of their infant's condition and helping families play an active role in their infant's plan of care. One hundred grams is about 3.5 ounces. If PaO2 continues to remain > 70-80 mm Hg for more than 24 h consider weaning NO to 10 ppm and maintain until shunting has resolved and FiO2 0.60 . It is put into a large vein. Iowa City, IA 52242 This will give the patient adequate expiratory time for the assessment of vibrations. Side Effects - Barotrauma, nasal irritation, abdominal distention and feeding intolerance. This may transiently require rapid ventilation with rates of 60 to 80 BPM (I:E = 1:1). (It is a shortening of a Latin term.). Neck flexion will worsen this form of apnea. Initial MAP 4 cm above MAP while on CMV. 1) Extubation Neonates are ready to be directly extubated for a trial of Nasal CPAP or Noninvasive Ventilation (NIV) when they usually meet the following criteria: a) MAP 10 cm, FiO2 0.40 and power 2.0 (delta P 20 cm H2O to a Nasal CPAP of 7-9 cm H2O or appropriate NIV settings. Nasal irritation - mucosal swelling or erosion, excessive nasal dilatation or septal necrosis. The site will be changed every four hours to avoid erythema and burns to the infant's skin. This is a type of measurement. What does POA stand for in Medical? 2) Alveolar ventilation is directly proportional to POWER (Ampltiude or delta P), therefore the level of PaCO2 is inversely proportional to the power/amplitude/delta P. 3) During HFOV, alveolar ventilation (Ve) (TV)2f as compared to conventional ventilation where Ve TV(R). If not ventilating at the initial starting frequency on a Power/Amplitude/Delta P that clearly results in good chest wall vibrations then decrease the frequency by 2 Hz, at a time, to significantly increase the delivered TV. Maximum true volume of gas generated by the piston is 365 cc. The cause is not known. BP (blood pressure). Excessive bradycardia with movement - tip of ETT placed in oral rather than nasal pharynx: correct by repositioning tube. Surfactant replacement therapy for RDS - Early rescue therapy should be practiced: First dose needs to be given as soon as diagnosis of RDS is made. c) If starting immediately on HFOV use a MAP of 8-10 cm in neonates and 15-18 cm in infants/children. ICU stands for intensive care unit. Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed. The air goes to the babys lungs through an endotracheal tube, a small plastic tube that is passed through a babys nose or mouth down into the windpipe. This is caused by the heart beating and by the muscles inside the blood vessel walls. ATELECTASIS increase the PEEP, or increase the PIP, I.T., or the rate of the sigh breaths from 3 - 6. Obstructive apnea A pause in breathing that occurs because a babys airway is blocked and little air can get through (It can happen even when a baby is moving his chest to breathe. A percutaneous arterial stick can be performed using the temporal or radial artery. Clin Perinatol 1987;14:509-529. ), TPR Medical abbreviation for temperature, pulse, respiration, Tracheostomy (Trach) A surgical opening in the trachea, below the larynx (voice box), made to allow air to enter the lungs when the throat becomes obstructed, Transfusion A treatment for anemia in which red blood cells are added directly to the babys total circulating blood supply through an IV or a catheter, TTN (Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn) A condition resulting in an excess of lung fluid at the time of delivery, causing an elevated respiratory rate until the fluid is absorbed, Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) A condition of the placenta that can occur in identical twin pregnancies (TTTS results in blood that passes from one twin baby to the other through connecting blood vessels within the shared placenta. Davidson, D. Inhaled nitric oxide (NO) for neonatal pulmonary hypertension. CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation). If the PaO2 or the O2 saturation is below accepted standards, the FiO2 can be raised to a maximum of 1.0. This is a tube put into a vein. Significant apnea or increasing respiratory acidosis or O2 requirement of 80-100%; NPCPAP failure - intubate and ventilate patient. This isa type of test. BP is the force of the blood on blood vessel walls. C. Goal is to minimize volutrauma, shear force and oxygen toxicity. J Pediatr 1993; 123:76-79. Manage by directly checking an arterial PaO2, or by using a transcutaneous oxygen monitor. b) To convert to conventional mechanical ventilation aim for a MAP 3-4 cm less than the MAP on HFV [e.g., MAP = 16-17 on HFV, use a MAP of 12-13 on CMV (e.g., PIP = 26, PEEP = 8, Rate = 40, IT = 0.4), PS 12], Can lead to increased pulmonary vascular resistance and air leaks, decrease MAP, Increase suctioning (inline suctioning is optimal to minimize loss of lung recruitment, Quickly lower MAP, and rule out other causes [e.g., pneumothorax, sepsis, dehydration, cardiac dysfunction (LV or RV) etc ], Decrease MAP to minimize over distention and increase frequency to decrease delivered tidal volume, Wean ventilation and follow pCO2 closely until level is appropriate. and delivered TV in order to heal the airleak. Principles of neonatal assisted ventilation. NCBI Bookshelf. NICU Acronyms and Abbreviations . of 33%. Lower resistance to spontaneous breathing. ), Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) A test that uses a short, narrow needle inserted between two lumbar vertebrae into the area where there is spinal fluid (The spinal fluid is withdrawn for analysis. BP (blood pressure). These are metric units of weight. Pneumothorax - minimize incidence by using minimal pressure needed to accomplish aims. ), Oligohydramnios A condition of too little amniotic fluid, Omphalocele A condition in which the intestines push through an opening in the abdominal wall, Ophthalmologist A doctor who treats diseases of the eye. 2023. This means no food or liquid given by mouth. Nasal pharyngeal CPAP for RDS should start at 6 cm H2O. The Bunnell Life Pulse (www.bunl.com) is a flow interrupter that uses a pinch valve to generate a stream of high frequency pulses. J Intensive Care Med, 1986;1:257-269. "Standardized terminology should be used when defining ages and comparing outcomes of fetuses and newborns. CNS (central nervous system). 1. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure facilitates extubation of very low birth weight neonates. It is therefore necessary to correlate the TcPCO2 reading with three or four PaCO2 samples. If pCO2 remains above 60 mm Hg, consider increasing the respiratory rate first, then, if necessary, increase PIP. This is a tube put into an artery. C. Dose: 1.0 mg/kg IV over 10 minutes followed by a constant infusion of 0.5-2.0 mg/kg/hour via a scalp, or an upper extremity, vein. If not vibrating, increase power. It's called the NICU. Emergency Care Quarterly 1990;6(3):65-80, Figure 1. Pediatrics Clin North Am, 1987;34:15-38. Only wean FiO2 until 0.50, unless over-inflated. CPAP is for a spontaneously breathing, PPV is assisting the . Also decrease frequency to increase absolute I.T. OVERINFLATION- decrease PEEP and PIP, or decrease frequency. 2. Changes in FiO2 may be monitored by pulse oximetry or transcutaneous oxygen monitor. Any change in the above parameters must be written as an order. Fluid or other substances in the tiny air sacs of the lungs, Infusion pump A pump that is attached to an IV line to give fluids to the baby in tiny, carefully measured amounts, Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) Bleeding in or around the brain, Intralipid A white IV solution that contains a high amount of fat (lipid), Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) Refers to a baby who is smaller by weight than normal for his or her gestational age at birth (This can be caused by various conditions of the mother or baby.). Conclusions: The benefits of early postnatal corticosteroid treatment ( 7 days), particularly dexamethasone, may not outweigh the adverse effects of this treatment. If oxygen required is greater than 50%, consider endotracheal intubation with surfactant replacement (see relevant section). Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed. Expertise. Its called the NICU. Theophylline is a bronchodilator and in neonates with BPD it offers the advantage of treating both apnea and bronchospasm. Bradycardia by itself is often a sign of obstructive apnea. DOPE (what to think with breathing issues) = Displacement, Obstruction, Pneumothorax, Equipment . If meconium is passed more than 4 hours before delivery, the infant's skin will be meconium stained. Clin Perinatol 18:563-580;1991. Our Global Patient Services team is here to help international and out-of-area families every step of the way. Bone RC. Dwortz A.R., et. Anesthesiology 75:990-999, 1991; with permission.). UC San Diego | School of Medicinetoday = new Date(); document.write("Copyright © ", today.getFullYear()); Consider transient neuromuscular blockade with Pavulon if infant is "fighting" the ventilator. 619-471-9045. ), Meconium aspiration Breathing in of amniotic fluid that contains the babys stool passed before or during delivery, Meningocele A birth defect in which the tissue lining the brain and spinal cord (meninges) pushes through an opening in the skull or spinal column, Moro reflex One of the many reflexes that babies have (When startled by a sudden noise or fear of falling, babies throw out their arms and arch their backs. This is a small, flexible, hollow plastic tube put into a vein over a needle. Inadequate ventilation (high PCO2): Manage by increasing the AMPLITUDE (i.e., PCO2 is inversely proportional to AMPLITUDE). Five cm works well for most infants. NICU (neonatal intensive care unit). Small chambers in the center of the brain where cerebrospinal fluid is made, VP (ventriculo-peritoneal) shunt A long-term treatment for hydrocephalus (A VP shunt is a long, plastic tube that is inserted surgically. Initial settings need to be clinically adjusted to prevent episodes of desaturation or cyanosis. Oxygen desaturation can also occur from loss of MAP leading to alveolar derecruitement. New Eng J Med 1993; 328:399-431. Please see our Nondiscrimination Ventilator Management: A blood gas should be checked within 15 - 20 minutes of the dose and the ventilator settings should be weaned appropriately to minimize the risk of a pneumothorax. Goal is to minimize volutrauma, barotrauma (shear force), atelectatrauma, biotrauma and oxygen toxicity. ), Dc Medical abbreviation for discontinue or stop, Decadron The trade name for dexamethasone, a steroid drug, Developmental care An approach to caring for premature babies that stresses their individual needs and aims to keep them as free from stress as possible, Developmental delay A delay in reaching certain developmental milestones, relative to most other children of the same age (In preemies, developmental delays may be short term or long term. This is to allow for increased ease of nasal ETT insertion. D. OVERINFLATION- decrease PEEP and decrease PIP if using sighs to decrease MAP.

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