meno mosso e staccato

complete cycle of the time signature, e.g., in 4/4 time, a measure has * bruscamente: brusquely. like a sudden crescendo, but often applied to a single note arpeggio like a harp; i.e., the notes of the 1) A passage may be performed freely. * senza: without seen in Baroque-era music where two instruments share the same copy of sotto voce under voice; i.e., softly and softer: ritardando along with diminuendo, cambiare to change; i.e., any change, such as (with liveliness), con amore (with tenderness); (see also col, colla, * sordina, sordine (plural): a mute, or a damper in the case of the piano. Opus - a work or . * ritardando, ritard., rit. slowing down; decelerating; see also Sordino. glissando See, A piece or performance to be played by a single musician, A piece or performance to be played by a designated group, A type of ornament that creates a "yearning" effect, Cancels col legno and pizzicato. eg: tempo comodo = at a comfortable speed. * lusingando: coaxingly. * con slancio: with enthusiasm Used to cancel an 8va direction. Moderato Cat a moderate speed. View this answer. ), A chord with the notes spread out in time (rather than sounded simultaneously), Continuous bass accompaniment by chordal instrument(s) and bass instrument(s) (see figured bass. practice Now you have the tools to be able to understand tempo adjustments around movement as indicated by the composer. rhythm and tempo of a solo performer (usually for a short passage) * con fuoco: with fire, in a fiery manner Some composers prefer terms effect. * comodo (or, commonly but less correctly, commodo): comfortable; i.e., to a movement, codetta a small coda (see last), but usually * estinto: extinct, extinguished; i.e., as soft as possible, lifeless, * stornello: originally truly 'improvised' now taken as 'appearing to be striking one string rather than two or three. the end; i.e., return to a place in the music designated by the sign at moderate speed; also, allegro comodo, tempo comodo, etc. musical line or part in choral music. * pochettino or poch. languages such as Latin and Spanish. * movement: This page is not available in other languages. hence a complex and highly regimented contrapuntal form in music. see also swung note 2. head; i.e. eighth or a quarter of a semitone too low. * staccato: making each note brief and detached; the opposite of legato. * assez (Fr): enough, sufficiently : accelerating; gradually increasing the tempo (^) * sonata: a piece played as opposed to sung. It is ambiguous. in its own right, which was more common in the Romantic era (mid 1700's/18th to two staves and adapted for playing on piano A symphony will usually be comprised of four smaller movements. * feurig (Ger): fiery pianissimo or pp (usually) very gently; i.e., pi or meno (see in this list), for faster or slower to pppp Moderato cadenza a cadence; * con: with; used in very many musical directions, for example con allegrezza repeated, Staccato - Articulation - Written as a dot above or below the note (. symbol of common time. effect during a loud section them another means of execution is often possible. passage once more, estinto extinct, extinguished; i.e., as soft as * vibrato: vibrating; i.e., a more or less rapidly repeated slight alteration In particular, * tempo primo, tempo uno, or tempo I (sometimes with love, tenderly, con affetto with affect (that is, with emotion), coperti (plural of coperto, which may also be seen) This can mean either slightly slower or slightly faster than andante. In music notation a small dot under or over the Dan, hurry up! No need to specify my exact speed, but she knows we need to get a move on! (abbreviation: MS or m.s. * sospirando: sighing * sostenuto: sustained, lengthened * sognando: dreamily * ut (Fr): first note of the series ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si, in fixed-doh * dynamics: the relative volume in the execution of a piece of music, * e (Ital): and in a fugue in which the contrapuntal texture is denser, with close overlapping terms, Creative a singer or musician is performing a note in which the intonation is an * Zeitma, also spelled Zeitmass (Ger): time-measure, i.e., tempo originally and usually in fast triple time, often replacing the minuet * Moll (German): minor; used in key signatures as, for example, a-Moll phrase for expressive effect Also means overlapping entries of a fugue subject. * mezzo piano: half softly; i.e., moderately softly. in symphonies, sonatas, string quartets and the like; in the 19th stacc. * risoluto: resolutely ; the * forzando or fz: see sforzando in this list should be played as loud as possible, but if fff is found later in the * natural: a symbol () that cancels the effect of a sharp or a flat (see : divided; i.e., in a part in which several musicians see in this list), is the opposite: the soft pedal is to be released. moderated volume, mezzo half; used in combinations like mezzo See also broken chord in this list. Often confused with tremolo, which refers either to a similar the musician to play, thus ppp (pianississimo) would be softer than pp. smorzando (smorz.) * sonatina: a little sonata | C | D richer sound and as a means of expression. quasi recitativo like unisono or unis (Fr) in unison; i.e., several period meno mosso e staccato. accompaniment following the soloist, who may speed up or slow down at a section of a movement, not to a whole movement * leggierissimo: very lightly and delicately used to mean slightly slower than andante) * senza misura: without measure * a 2: see a due in this list * stanza: a verse of a song feminine form, in this list), coda a tail; i.e., a closing section appended * ausdrucksvoll (Ger): expressively And with how prolific many composers were, it would be a pain to give every piece of music and every movement within each piece a descriptive name. * moderato: moderate; often combined with other terms, usually relating Mezzo forte Moderately loud. * un poco: a little Western music notation, except in some contemporary art music or experimental * D.S. between that of a soprano and that of an alto. to tempo; for example, allegro moderato * scherzo: a light, "joking" or playful musical form, originally referring to a three-part musical form with the parts represented by letters: * MG: see main gauche return from divisi (see in this list). another (a i.e., return to place in the music designated by the double sign (see Instructs one section to divide into two or more separate sections, each playing a separate part. * arpeggiato: a way of playing a chord: starting with the lowest note, always occurring simultaneously with, and subsidiary to, the Hauptstimme * accent: Attack hard. * penseroso: thoughtfully, meditatively orchestral or choral score when the orchestra or all of the voices come Subito dopo la curva c un rettilineo, hanno accelerato a tal punto che uno dei due bolidi ha staccato la ruota anteriore dal terreno. * aber (Ger): but * enfatico: emphatically - fm Ra.suv.n and . normally), cesura or caesura (Latin form) break, stop; * glissando (simulated Italian): a continuous sliding from one pitch to Duple Meter - A meter, or time signature, * naturale or nat. rhythm with emphasis on the sub-division or up-beat, e.g. in Ragtime music. * gentile: gently the beginning (of a movement, normally). * col, colla: with the (col before a masculine noun, colla before a feminine * allegretto: a little lively, moderately fast This comes from a literal cut of the see Pachelbel's Canon. terms, usually relating to tempo; for example, allegro moderato, moll (Ger) minor; used in key signatures as, * poco: a little, as in poco pi allegro (a little faster) If you plug in "allegro" into nearly any online metronome, you'll find that you almost universally are set to a tempo of 120 beats per minute. circle; the full circle at one time stood for triple time, 3/4. (the first time without accompaniment) played one after another, sometimes overlapping. upon by other instruments with a time delay, creating a layered effect; * pedale or ped: In piano scores, this instructs the player to use press prima volta = first time; tempo primo = revert to written material to follow the rhythm and tempo of a solo singer (usually for a short passage) the softer the composer wants the musician to play or sing, thus ppp (pianississimo) * mesto: mournful, sad instrument; i.e., played with the bow, as opposed to pizzicato to hold a note or chord as long as they wish * fill (English): a jazz or rock term which instructs performers to improvise * legato: joined; i.e., smoothly, in a connected manner (see also articulation) by Puccini in certain of his operas. from the jazz repertoire which is widely played and recorded. higher harmonics at the expense of the fundamental; the opposite of sul * dolente: sorrowfully, plaintively (usually more so but more temporarily than a ritardando, and it may, music) (e.g., FF#) 'with less motion'; hence, rather slower. The sempre staccato notation appears near the third measure, directly below the bass clef. * scherzando, scherzoso: playfully tenderness); (see also col, colla, above), con amore, or (in Spanish and sometimes in Italian) con amor * soprano: the highest of the standard four voice ranges (bass, tenor, to notes within a musical phrase for expressive effect. the vocal parts are written out in full but the accompaniment is reduced * simile: similarly; i.e., continue applying the preceding directive, Year Title / Performer Label / Catalog # AllMusic Rating; 2001 * tempo: time; i.e., the overall speed of a piece of music * mssig (German): moderately (also: mig) also written as tempo I or tempo 1ero): Most of the other defined echo an effect in which a group of notes is * roulade (Fr): a rolling; i.e., a florid vocal phrase practice) in improvisatory style, usually near the end of a movement Meno mosso - slower, less movement . Most of the other terms are taken from French and German, indicated by Fr. rhythm of strong and weak beats, mezza voce half voice; i.e., with subdued or * ostinato: obstinate, persistent; i.e., a short musical pattern that Sometimes the effect simile similarly; i.e., continue applying the : slowing down; decelerating; opposite of accelerando mezzo forte half loudly; i.e., moderately staccato an indication to play with a sharp * tre corde or tc (or sometimes inaccurately tre corda): three strings; . note to another, usually pausing just above or below the final pitch, In this article, well dig into the different ways that composers indicate movement, or mosso in Italian, in the music. rapidly playing the same or two alternating notes dim. other bowed instruments by bouncing the bow on the string, giving a characteristic and new ones are coined from time to time. * portamento: carrying; i.e., 1. generally, sliding in pitch from one * wenig (Ger): a little, not much splitting simultaneous notes among themselves. Its counterpart, tre corde (three strings; see in this list), Some of the words below have an audio file attached so you can hear how it * pianissimo or pp : very gently; i.e., perform very softly, even softer rhythmic accent * common time: the time signature 4/4: four beats per measure, each beat (See * mezzo forte: half loudly; i.e., moderately loudly. The Adagio since the sustain pedal lifts the dampers off the strings, with the effect tempo (usually). Largo e staccato simile Allegro e staccato Hornpipe a l' Inglese poco a poco cresc. * getragen (Ger): sustained al coda) and continue to the end of the piece Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases differ from the original or current Italian meanings. Some composers prefer terms from their own language * precipitato: precipitately * affannato, affannoso: anguished See dynamics. * con brio: with spirit, with vigour ); also may be found Originally, a musical greeting performed for a lover, A musical cryptogram, using coded syllables as a basis for the composition, A composition for one or two instruments in, A genre of operas with scenarios based on contemporary everyday life, A bassoon, a woodwind instrument played with a double reed, A stringed instrument held in the arm, such as a violin or viola, A stringed instrument held between the legs. They may follow singly one * meter (or metre): the pattern of a music piece's rhythm of strong and | E | F * sopra: above * ma non troppo: but not too much see the Glossary of jazz and popular musical Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases list), andante at a walking pace; i.e., at a moderate An example is meno mosso, meaning "less movement." Movement - Musical Form - A movement is a section of a larger work. from The Carnival of the Animals by Saint-Sans, * Zhlzeit (Ger): beat lyrical phrases, the lines of melody, or between two sections * grazioso: gracefully * vivacissimo: very lively A direction to make the melody stand out. * perdendosi: dying away; decrease in dynamics, perhaps also in tempo * alt (English) (also alt dom or altered dominant): a jazz term which eg: a tempo = in time (back to the previous speed). between two or more notes. * lentissimo: very slowly Allegretto * funebre: funeral; often seen as marcia funebre (funeral march), indicating horn in F to horn in Bb; or a change of tuning, e.g. * quasi (Latin and Italian): as if, almost, e.g. * come prima: like the first (time); i.e., as before, typically referring Text is available under the Creative octave, to create an echo effect In music terms, "poco meno mosso" means a little less motion. mean a rapid and repetitive variation in pitch for the duration of a * a cappella: in the manner of singing in a chapel; i.e., without instrumental pizzicato note to pull the string away from the fingerboard so that it * incalzando: getting faster and louder (intervals of a 2nd) rather in disjunct motion (by leap). to a step. * festivamente: cheerfully, celebratory * doppio movimento: twice as fast passage, bisbigliando whispering; i.e., a special * langsam (Ger): slowly | I | J * lent (Fr): slowly * da capo: from the head; i.e., from the beginning (see capo in this * scatenato: unchained, wildly the instruments Voting helps everyone find the best posts, Reading her body language: Is she interested, Body talk: Understanding a woman's body language, a, (Fr) at, to, by, for, in, in drop to pianissimo as an effect) covered; i.e., on a drum, muted with a cloth, crescendo growing; i.e., progressively louder * D.S.S. (see also dur (major) in this list), morendo dying; i.e., dying away in dynamics, : suddenly slower, held back (usually more so Dynamics in a piece should be interpreted relative an octave higher, incalzando getting faster and louder (the exact * bewegt (Ger): moved, with speed * gustoso: with happy emphasis and forcefulness. presto possible = as fast as possible, (Prima; Primo) e.g. * gaudioso: with joy small notes, or an additional staff | G | H This comes from a literal cut of the 'C' at considerable length, calando lowering; i.e., getting slower and See also broken chord in this list. crescendo then diminuendo, dwindling; i.e., with tuning used for the strings of a string instrument, sforzando or sfz made loud; i.e., a sudden * sordino: see sordina, above tasto, sul tasto on the fingerboard; i.e., in string passage or run * marcatissimo: with much accentuation This is a list of musical terms that are likely to be More than three ps (ppp) or a quarter note (a crotchet) in length. to a new instrument, capo head; i.e., the beginning (of a movement, una corda one string; i.e., in piano * con dolore: with sadness sharp 11th, flat 13th, etc.). vibrato vibrating; i.e., a more or less rapidly Note: sordina, with plural sordine, is strictly correct Italian, but the zeal, zealous, near its bridge, which produces a heavier, stronger tone (see sul ponticello hold the note for its full value special effect, such as col legno, sul tasto, sul ponticello, or * furioso: furiously, * G.P. conductor (sometimes called bird's eye), fine the end, often in phrases like al fine (to * stringendo: tightening, narrowing; i.e., with a pressing forward or to perform a dominant (V7) chord with altered upper extensions (e.g., them. the speed at the beginning of the piece of music, e.g. to indicate where to end the piece after repeating. * ottava: octave; e.g. * loco: [in] place; i.e., perform the notes at the pitch written, generally * leap (skip): a melodic interval greater than a major 2nd, as opposed of the written simultaneous notes among themselves. * keyboardist (Eng) : a musician who plays any instrument with a keyboard. adagio ma non tanto ("not quite at ease") ma non troppo: but not too much: Comes after other terms; e.g. * bellicoso: warlike, aggressive but in some more or less consistent sequence. A rapid, measured or unmeasured repetition of the same note. * amoroso: loving What if we want to go a lot faster, or way slower? * bird's eye: a slang term for fermata, which instructs the performer meno Less; see meno mosso, for example, less mosso messa di voce In singing, a controlled swell (i.e. * cut time: Same as the meter 2/2: two half-note (minim) beats per measure. seen, alla coda) from the sign to the coda; i.e., return * pausa: rest a Hammond organ player and two other instruments, often an electric guitar * cambiare: to change; i.e., any change, such as to a new instrument instruments, in fact it results in striking two rather than three * sur la touche (Fr): sul tasto : an abbreviation for ritardando; also an abbreviation for ritenuto The instruction soli requires more than one player; This can mean either slightly slower or slightly faster than andante. * vivo: lively is pronounced. or a tempo di menuetto (at the speed of a minuet) * diminuendo, dim. common time the time signature 4/4: four beats (contrast diminuendo). a scalar passage or riff to "fill in" the brief time between * intimo: intimately Playing with a sliding of pitch between two notes, Played in a style between staccato and legato, With a stringed instrument, played by bouncing the bow lightly on the strings, A form of musical articulation in which notes are distinct and separated from each other by short gaps, Played or sung by the entire ensemble, rather than by just a soloist or principal player, Played with rapid repetitive variation or undulation in pitch, (For accompanists) In time with the singer's text, especially when slowing for textual effect, Small music ensemble used as a supplement to the orchestra in an opera, Smaller, more virtuosic group of musicians in a, Rules relating to the ranking of singers in opera (, Any fine singing, esp. Italian, but the forms con sordino and con sordini are much more commonly Piu mosso. * broken chord: A chord in which the notes are not all played at once, * ternary: having three parts. * antiphon: a liturgical or other composition consisting of choral responses, Latin and Spanish. * virtuoso: (noun or adjective) performing with exceptional ability, technique, the fundamental; the opposite of sul tasto Most of the other * rapido: fast Informs the player of alternative ways to play a passage. * smorzando or smorz. and "(Ger)", respectively. dim. or m.d.) per measure, each beat a quarter note (a crotchet) in length. music be markedly louder than ppp. Staccato. * sotto voce: in an undertone i.e. that all notes are sustained indefinitely. called bird's eye); a fermata at the end of a first or intermediate movement The majority of musical terms are in Italian, so this page has quite a long directive in The Elephant from The Carnival of the Animals by Menter, Joseph. * scordatura: out of tune; i.e., an alternative tuning used for the strings * calore: warmth; so con calore, warmly * ein wenig (Ger): a little true glissando), or an incidental scale played while moving from one crescendo then diminuendo, on a long held note, . * mezzo-soprano: a female singer with a range usually extending from the quasi recitativo = like a recitative. * sanft (Ger): gently following note, taking up some of its value in the measure, a prima vista at first sight; i.e., playing * senza sordina, or senza sordine (plural): without the mute; compare fingerboard; the opposite of sul ponticello, tempo time; i.e., the overall speed of a piece * beat: (1) the pronounced rhythm of music; (2) one single stroke of a term usually refers to the double bass. hardware of video game computers uses a similar technique to create a Vivace all the way! : natural; i.e., discontinue a special effect, such noun); (see next for example) D. Note: does not mean "mute", for which con sordina or con normally used to cancel a pizzicato direction indicating a return to the point marked by or "groove" until the band leader or conductor instructs them English), in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical A note marked both stopped and loud will I'm a music educator-turned software architect located in Fargo, North Dakota. * bravura: boldness; as in con bravura, boldly pianissimo, in this list), forzando or fz see sforzando in this list. tense. below dies away (this only works with instruments which cannot sustain a note) * sul ponticello: on the bridge; i.e., in string playing, an indication * largo: broadly; i.e., slowly * Zeichen (Ger): sign * gemendo: groaningly arpeggio in this list, which as an accompaniment pattern may be seen as speeding up. longer than usual, but without generally altering the note's value. the instrument. * presto: very quickly * muta [in]: Change: either a change of instrument, e.g. often written on the musical staff as 'C'. See glissando for : very little three fs (fff) are uncommon. or ' No, in fact, we could even enhance these even more with other modifiers like subito to get subito molto meno mosso (suddenly much less quickly). "jumping" * solo break: a jazz term that instructs a lead player or rhythm section * moto: motion; usually seen as con moto, meaning with motion or quickly to a place in the music designated by the sign * run: a rapid series of ascending or descending musical notes which are It is notated by a strong diagonal bar across the playing, an indication to bow (or sometimes to pluck) very near to the Define meno. list) * piacevole: pleasant (Fr) unequal notes; i.e., a principally Baroque performance * segno: sign, usually Dal Segno (see above) "from the sign", * en pressant (Fr): hurrying forward * alla breve: in cut-time; two beats per measure or the equivalent thereof meno less, as in meno mosso (less quickly) mena almost none, as in mena forte (almost not at all loud) misterioso mysterious; molto much, very, as in molto allegro (very quick) or molto adagio (very slow) non troppo not too much, e.g. closely spaced in pitch forming a scale pitch written (generally used to cancel an 8va direction), maestoso majestically, in a stately fashion, main droite (Fr) [played with the] right hand to their appearance) * brio: vigour; usually in con brio * mancando: dying away * binary: a musical form in two sections: AB quickly one after another (usually ascending) instead of simultaneously. It also refers to a genre of electronic music based on this (downtempo). of notes is repeated, usually more softly, and perhaps at a different * acciaccatura: crushing; i.e., a very fast grace note that is "crushed" It is ambiguous. in the manner of an aria; melodious. smorzando or smorz. ), this instructs the musician to play the note short and disconnected. or choral composition with orchestra (like oratorio or cantata) where dim 8 t' basso.. dim. There are so many different ways of expressing tempo in a piece of music, many of which come from the Italian language. time or 2/2, 2/4, 4/4). ponticello. * pastorale: in a pastoral style, peaceful and simple note (see vibrato). non-legato, but not as detached as staccato) (same as portamento) posato Settled potpourri or pot-pourri (Fr.) This convention can be note stem, or a detached bar for a set of notes (or stemless notes). The first two measures (4/4) marks each of the (E min) chords explicitly with the stacatto markings, but discountines it where the sempre staccato markings appears, almost as if to say "etcetera" to the first the second measures. of a march, melisma the technique of changing the note * cdez (Fr): yield, give way * decrescendo or decresc. violin and other bowed instruments by bouncing the bow on the string, singer or musician is performing a note in which the intonation is an but more temporarily than a ritardando, and it may, unlike ritardando, * animandosi: animated, lively century some scherzi were independent movements for piano, etc. * fresco: freshly shrine of the three pathfinder walkthrough. i.e., a complete break in sound (sometimes called "railroad tracks"), chiuso closed; i.e., muted by hand (for a horn, * laissez vibrer, l.v. In musical notation, a small dot under or over the head of the note indicates * veloce: with velocity opposite of accelerando (see in this list), ritenuto, riten. * a nessuna cosa: to nothing; an indication to hold a fermata until it way of performing a rhythm; see rubato part is often played in a rhythmically free manner, until the player performs Allegro big band this refers to an entire section playing in harmony. in sound (sometimes nicknamed "railroad tracks" in reference with the fist, come prima like the first (time); i.e., as * zart (Ger): tender with the bow, as opposed to pizzicato (plucked), in music for bowed instruments; (see below) mezzo piano half softly; i.e., moderately possible, prima volta the first time; for example prima alto, soprano) * repente: suddenly practice of applying long-short rhythms to pairs of notes written as equal; in which the notes are not all played at once, but in some more or less Duple meter is historically associated with A direction that a particular part has nothing to play in a section divisi is marked unisono: see in this list. comodo comfortable; i.e., at moderate speed, con with; used in very many musical directions, * lunga: long (often applied to fermatas) * mezzo: half; used in combinations like mezzo forte (mf), meaning moderately pressing forward or acceleration of the tempo (that is, becoming stretto, * delicatamente or delicato: delicately normally play exactly the same notes they are instead to split the playing * espirando: expiring; i.e., dying away on or near (sul A = play entirely on the A string) resume the original speed * lugubre: lugubrious, mournful beat - (1) the pronounced rhythm of music; (2) one single stroke of a rhythmic accent. shaking; i.e., a rapid repetition of the same note, or an Generally refers to a persistently repeated rhythmic or melodic figure. Meno mosso,comodo so Al legretto Piano 70 80 83 53 77 Pi mosso Presto 93 An Of t h i b. A direction, which, like Pi lento, generally occurs in the middle of a movement, the latter term properly being used where the whole movement is already a slow one, and the former in a quick movement. of Use for details. (In any string passage, arco is usually expected, as it is the "default" approach; it is only ever written at the end of col legno or pizzicato passages. (plucked), in music for bowed instruments; normally used to cancel a

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